Encapsulation

Note: All this data has been copied from various sources for the purpose of knowledge sharing. Data content  can be either as it is or with little modification.
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Encapsulation prevents data from unwanted access by encapsulating data in a single object.

In a programming language, methods and properties that correspond to actions and attributes respectively are kept under a unit called object. The advantage of encapsulation is that the implementation is not accessible to the client. The user has to know only the functionality of encapsulated unit and information to be supplied to get the result.

Abstraction is supported using interface and abstract class while Encapsulation is supported using access modifiers e.g. public, private and protected.

NIIT

1. Explain different type of identity? [SQL Server]
2. What is scope_identity? [SQL Server]
3. What is CodePage?[SQL Server]
4. What is an Assembly?
5. What are the benefits of MSIL?
6. Describe ASP.NET Page Life Cycle?
7. Write down ASP.NET Page events?
8. What is the use of Interface?
9. What are the differences between VB.NET and C#.NET?
10. what are soap headers and soap extensions ?
11. can we return a Person type object from a web method ? what will be the WSDL then of this webservice ?
12. which method we use in webservices to send the request ? Get or Post ? explian
13. what is WSDL in webservices ?
14. Can we return a dataset from w webservice 
15. how can u do authentication a webservice ? so that only the person that have writes able to hit our service ?

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(1, 2)
 In most of our application scenario, we need to get latest inserted row information through SQL query. And for that, we have multiple options like:

SELECT @@IDENTITY  -- 
SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY()
SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('table name')

All three functions return last-generated identity values. However, the scope and session on which last is defined in each of these functions differ.

SELECT @@IDENTITY --
It returns the last IDENTITY value produced on a connection, regardless of the table that produced the value, and regardless of the scope of the statement that produced the value.
@@IDENTITY will return the last identity value entered into a table in your current session. While @@IDENTITY is limited to the current session, it is not limited to the current scope. If you have a trigger on a table that causes an identity to be created in another table, you will get the identity that was created last, even if it was the trigger that created it.

SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY()--
It returns the last IDENTITY value produced on a connection and by a statement in the same scope, regardless of the table that produced the value.
SCOPE_IDENTITY(), like @@IDENTITY, will return the last identity value created in the current session, but it will also limit it to your current scope as well. In other words, it will return the last identity value that you explicitly created, rather than any identity that was created by a trigger or a user defined function.

SELECT IDENT_CURRENT('table name') --
It returns the last IDENTITY value produced in a table, regardless of the connection that created the value, and regardless of the scope of the statement that produced the value.
IDENT_CURRENT is not limited by scope and session; it is limited to a specified table. IDENT_CURRENT returns the identity value generated for a specific table in any session and any scope.
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(4) Assembly is a pre compiled code of .net clr in form of DLL or self executing file .EXE. It is of two forms private assembly and public assembly
private assembly is kept in the local folder of the project while the public assembly is kept in GAC.
public assembly has 4 main parts (Face value, version, public key token, culture info). public assebly is also called strong name assembly.
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(5) MSIL -- Microsoft intermediate language
C# code --> CLR --> MSIL(can be read by any language) --> JIT --> Machine language